Following is a list of sources of resistance to change, paired with ways to encourage adult learning and change. Educators can use this list to identify likely local causes of resistance and propose ways to encourage increased participation in learning activities.
1.From frustration due to inertia because opposition prevents progress, to welcoming creative change based on shared values.
2.From dependence on hierarchical power at the top as a precondition to change, to increased emphasis on empowerment for all.
3.From reliance on separate specialties, to multidisciplinary horizontal collaboration.
4.From fear of diversity as a problem, to recognition of benefits from diversity and hybrid vigor.
5.From suspicion of foreign ideas, to valuing of enriched perspectives.
6.From personal resistance to change, to a selective balance of both continuity and change.
7.From an emphasis on education as instructional dissemination of facts to passive learners, to inclusion of three modes (instruction, inquiry, performance) for active learning and application.
8.From dependence on allocation of money as the first step in change, to recognition of creative ideas and cooperation by able partners as preconditions for resources and progress.
9.From pessimism about possibilities for change, to optimism about pragmatic solutions.
10.From seeking widespread reform as a first step, to use of pilot projects to demonstrate process and progress.